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- /*
- * linux/arch/arm/mm/mmu.c
- *
- * Copyright (C) 1995-2005 Russell King
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- */
- #include <linux/module.h>
- #include <linux/kernel.h>
- #include <linux/errno.h>
- #include <linux/init.h>
- #include <linux/mman.h>
- #include <linux/nodemask.h>
- #include <linux/memblock.h>
- #include <linux/fs.h>
- #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
- #include <linux/sizes.h>
- #include <asm/cp15.h>
- #include <asm/cputype.h>
- #include <asm/sections.h>
- #include <asm/cachetype.h>
- #include <asm/setup.h>
- #include <asm/smp_plat.h>
- #include <asm/tlb.h>
- #include <asm/highmem.h>
- #include <asm/system_info.h>
- #include <asm/traps.h>
- #include <asm/mach/arch.h>
- #include <asm/mach/map.h>
- #include <asm/mach/pci.h>
- #include "mm.h"
- /*
- * empty_zero_page is a special page that is used for
- * zero-initialized data and COW.
- */
- struct page *empty_zero_page;
- EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_zero_page);
- /*
- * The pmd table for the upper-most set of pages.
- */
- pmd_t *top_pmd;
- #define CPOLICY_UNCACHED 0
- #define CPOLICY_BUFFERED 1
- #define CPOLICY_WRITETHROUGH 2
- #define CPOLICY_WRITEBACK 3
- #define CPOLICY_WRITEALLOC 4
- static unsigned int cachepolicy __initdata = CPOLICY_WRITEBACK;
- static unsigned int ecc_mask __initdata = 0;
- pgprot_t pgprot_user;
- pgprot_t pgprot_kernel;
- EXPORT_SYMBOL(pgprot_user);
- EXPORT_SYMBOL(pgprot_kernel);
- struct cachepolicy {
- const char policy[16];
- unsigned int cr_mask;
- pmdval_t pmd;
- pteval_t pte;
- };
- static struct cachepolicy cache_policies[] __initdata = {
- {
- .policy = "uncached",
- .cr_mask = CR_W|CR_C,
- .pmd = PMD_SECT_UNCACHED,
- .pte = L_PTE_MT_UNCACHED,
- }, {
- .policy = "buffered",
- .cr_mask = CR_C,
- .pmd = PMD_SECT_BUFFERED,
- .pte = L_PTE_MT_BUFFERABLE,
- }, {
- .policy = "writethrough",
- .cr_mask = 0,
- .pmd = PMD_SECT_WT,
- .pte = L_PTE_MT_WRITETHROUGH,
- }, {
- .policy = "writeback",
- .cr_mask = 0,
- .pmd = PMD_SECT_WB,
- .pte = L_PTE_MT_WRITEBACK,
- }, {
- .policy = "writealloc",
- .cr_mask = 0,
- .pmd = PMD_SECT_WBWA,
- .pte = L_PTE_MT_WRITEALLOC,
- }
- };
- /*
- * These are useful for identifying cache coherency
- * problems by allowing the cache or the cache and
- * writebuffer to be turned off. (Note: the write
- * buffer should not be on and the cache off).
- */
- static int __init early_cachepolicy(char *p)
- {
- int i;
- for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cache_policies); i++) {
- int len = strlen(cache_policies[i].policy);
- if (memcmp(p, cache_policies[i].policy, len) == 0) {
- cachepolicy = i;
- cr_alignment &= ~cache_policies[i].cr_mask;
- cr_no_alignment &= ~cache_policies[i].cr_mask;
- break;
- }
- }
- if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(cache_policies))
- printk(KERN_ERR "ERROR: unknown or unsupported cache policy\n");
- /*
- * This restriction is partly to do with the way we boot; it is
- * unpredictable to have memory mapped using two different sets of
- * memory attributes (shared, type, and cache attribs). We can not
- * change these attributes once the initial assembly has setup the
- * page tables.
- */
- if (cpu_architecture() >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv6) {
- printk(KERN_WARNING "Only cachepolicy=writeback supported on ARMv6 and later\n");
- cachepolicy = CPOLICY_WRITEBACK;
- }
- flush_cache_all();
- set_cr(cr_alignment);
- return 0;
- }
- early_param("cachepolicy", early_cachepolicy);
- static int __init early_nocache(char *__unused)
- {
- char *p = "buffered";
- printk(KERN_WARNING "nocache is deprecated; use cachepolicy=%s\n", p);
- early_cachepolicy(p);
- return 0;
- }
- early_param("nocache", early_nocache);
- static int __init early_nowrite(char *__unused)
- {
- char *p = "uncached";
- printk(KERN_WARNING "nowb is deprecated; use cachepolicy=%s\n", p);
- early_cachepolicy(p);
- return 0;
- }
- early_param("nowb", early_nowrite);
- #ifndef CONFIG_ARM_LPAE
- static int __init early_ecc(char *p)
- {
- if (memcmp(p, "on", 2) == 0)
- ecc_mask = PMD_PROTECTION;
- else if (memcmp(p, "off", 3) == 0)
- ecc_mask = 0;
- return 0;
- }
- early_param("ecc", early_ecc);
- #endif
- static int __init noalign_setup(char *__unused)
- {
- cr_alignment &= ~CR_A;
- cr_no_alignment &= ~CR_A;
- set_cr(cr_alignment);
- return 1;
- }
- __setup("noalign", noalign_setup);
- #ifndef CONFIG_SMP
- void adjust_cr(unsigned long mask, unsigned long set)
- {
- unsigned long flags;
- mask &= ~CR_A;
- set &= mask;
- local_irq_save(flags);
- cr_no_alignment = (cr_no_alignment & ~mask) | set;
- cr_alignment = (cr_alignment & ~mask) | set;
- set_cr((get_cr() & ~mask) | set);
- local_irq_restore(flags);
- }
- #endif
- #define PROT_PTE_DEVICE L_PTE_PRESENT|L_PTE_YOUNG|L_PTE_DIRTY|L_PTE_XN
- #define PROT_SECT_DEVICE PMD_TYPE_SECT|PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE
- static struct mem_type mem_types[] = {
- [MT_DEVICE] = { /* Strongly ordered / ARMv6 shared device */
- .prot_pte = PROT_PTE_DEVICE | L_PTE_MT_DEV_SHARED |
- L_PTE_SHARED,
- .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE,
- .prot_sect = PROT_SECT_DEVICE | PMD_SECT_S,
- .domain = DOMAIN_IO,
- },
- [MT_DEVICE_NONSHARED] = { /* ARMv6 non-shared device */
- .prot_pte = PROT_PTE_DEVICE | L_PTE_MT_DEV_NONSHARED,
- .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE,
- .prot_sect = PROT_SECT_DEVICE,
- .domain = DOMAIN_IO,
- },
- [MT_DEVICE_CACHED] = { /* ioremap_cached */
- .prot_pte = PROT_PTE_DEVICE | L_PTE_MT_DEV_CACHED,
- .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE,
- .prot_sect = PROT_SECT_DEVICE | PMD_SECT_WB,
- .domain = DOMAIN_IO,
- },
- [MT_DEVICE_WC] = { /* ioremap_wc */
- .prot_pte = PROT_PTE_DEVICE | L_PTE_MT_DEV_WC,
- .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE,
- .prot_sect = PROT_SECT_DEVICE,
- .domain = DOMAIN_IO,
- },
- [MT_UNCACHED] = {
- .prot_pte = PROT_PTE_DEVICE,
- .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE,
- .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_XN,
- .domain = DOMAIN_IO,
- },
- [MT_CACHECLEAN] = {
- .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_XN,
- .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL,
- },
- #ifndef CONFIG_ARM_LPAE
- [MT_MINICLEAN] = {
- .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_XN | PMD_SECT_MINICACHE,
- .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL,
- },
- #endif
- [MT_LOW_VECTORS] = {
- .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY |
- L_PTE_RDONLY,
- .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE,
- .domain = DOMAIN_USER,
- },
- [MT_HIGH_VECTORS] = {
- .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY |
- L_PTE_USER | L_PTE_RDONLY,
- .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE,
- .domain = DOMAIN_USER,
- },
- [MT_MEMORY] = {
- .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY,
- .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE,
- .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE,
- .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL,
- },
- [MT_ROM] = {
- .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT,
- .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL,
- },
- [MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED] = {
- .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY |
- L_PTE_MT_BUFFERABLE,
- .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE,
- .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE,
- .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL,
- },
- [MT_MEMORY_DTCM] = {
- .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY |
- L_PTE_XN,
- .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE,
- .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_XN,
- .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL,
- },
- [MT_MEMORY_ITCM] = {
- .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY,
- .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE,
- .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL,
- },
- [MT_MEMORY_SO] = {
- .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY |
- L_PTE_MT_UNCACHED | L_PTE_XN,
- .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE,
- .prot_sect = PMD_TYPE_SECT | PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE | PMD_SECT_S |
- PMD_SECT_UNCACHED | PMD_SECT_XN,
- .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL,
- },
- [MT_MEMORY_DMA_READY] = {
- .prot_pte = L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_DIRTY,
- .prot_l1 = PMD_TYPE_TABLE,
- .domain = DOMAIN_KERNEL,
- },
- };
- const struct mem_type *get_mem_type(unsigned int type)
- {
- return type < ARRAY_SIZE(mem_types) ? &mem_types[type] : NULL;
- }
- EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_mem_type);
- /*
- * Adjust the PMD section entries according to the CPU in use.
- */
- static void __init build_mem_type_table(void)
- {
- struct cachepolicy *cp;
- unsigned int cr = get_cr();
- pteval_t user_pgprot, kern_pgprot, vecs_pgprot;
- int cpu_arch = cpu_architecture();
- int i;
- if (cpu_arch < CPU_ARCH_ARMv6) {
- #if defined(CONFIG_CPU_DCACHE_DISABLE)
- if (cachepolicy > CPOLICY_BUFFERED)
- cachepolicy = CPOLICY_BUFFERED;
- #elif defined(CONFIG_CPU_DCACHE_WRITETHROUGH)
- if (cachepolicy > CPOLICY_WRITETHROUGH)
- cachepolicy = CPOLICY_WRITETHROUGH;
- #endif
- }
- if (cpu_arch < CPU_ARCH_ARMv5) {
- if (cachepolicy >= CPOLICY_WRITEALLOC)
- cachepolicy = CPOLICY_WRITEBACK;
- ecc_mask = 0;
- }
- if (is_smp())
- cachepolicy = CPOLICY_WRITEALLOC;
- /*
- * Strip out features not present on earlier architectures.
- * Pre-ARMv5 CPUs don't have TEX bits. Pre-ARMv6 CPUs or those
- * without extended page tables don't have the 'Shared' bit.
- */
- if (cpu_arch < CPU_ARCH_ARMv5)
- for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mem_types); i++)
- mem_types[i].prot_sect &= ~PMD_SECT_TEX(7);
- if ((cpu_arch < CPU_ARCH_ARMv6 || !(cr & CR_XP)) && !cpu_is_xsc3())
- for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mem_types); i++)
- mem_types[i].prot_sect &= ~PMD_SECT_S;
- /*
- * ARMv5 and lower, bit 4 must be set for page tables (was: cache
- * "update-able on write" bit on ARM610). However, Xscale and
- * Xscale3 require this bit to be cleared.
- */
- if (cpu_is_xscale() || cpu_is_xsc3()) {
- for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mem_types); i++) {
- mem_types[i].prot_sect &= ~PMD_BIT4;
- mem_types[i].prot_l1 &= ~PMD_BIT4;
- }
- } else if (cpu_arch < CPU_ARCH_ARMv6) {
- for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mem_types); i++) {
- if (mem_types[i].prot_l1)
- mem_types[i].prot_l1 |= PMD_BIT4;
- if (mem_types[i].prot_sect)
- mem_types[i].prot_sect |= PMD_BIT4;
- }
- }
- /*
- * Mark the device areas according to the CPU/architecture.
- */
- if (cpu_is_xsc3() || (cpu_arch >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv6 && (cr & CR_XP))) {
- if (!cpu_is_xsc3()) {
- /*
- * Mark device regions on ARMv6+ as execute-never
- * to prevent speculative instruction fetches.
- */
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_XN;
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_NONSHARED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_XN;
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_CACHED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_XN;
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_XN;
- }
- if (cpu_arch >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv7 && (cr & CR_TRE)) {
- /*
- * For ARMv7 with TEX remapping,
- * - shared device is SXCB=1100
- * - nonshared device is SXCB=0100
- * - write combine device mem is SXCB=0001
- * (Uncached Normal memory)
- */
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(1);
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_NONSHARED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(1);
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_BUFFERABLE;
- } else if (cpu_is_xsc3()) {
- /*
- * For Xscale3,
- * - shared device is TEXCB=00101
- * - nonshared device is TEXCB=01000
- * - write combine device mem is TEXCB=00100
- * (Inner/Outer Uncacheable in xsc3 parlance)
- */
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(1) | PMD_SECT_BUFFERED;
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_NONSHARED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(2);
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(1);
- } else {
- /*
- * For ARMv6 and ARMv7 without TEX remapping,
- * - shared device is TEXCB=00001
- * - nonshared device is TEXCB=01000
- * - write combine device mem is TEXCB=00100
- * (Uncached Normal in ARMv6 parlance).
- */
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_BUFFERED;
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_NONSHARED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(2);
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_TEX(1);
- }
- } else {
- /*
- * On others, write combining is "Uncached/Buffered"
- */
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_BUFFERABLE;
- }
- /*
- * Now deal with the memory-type mappings
- */
- cp = &cache_policies[cachepolicy];
- vecs_pgprot = kern_pgprot = user_pgprot = cp->pte;
- /*
- * ARMv6 and above have extended page tables.
- */
- if (cpu_arch >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv6 && (cr & CR_XP)) {
- #ifndef CONFIG_ARM_LPAE
- /*
- * Mark cache clean areas and XIP ROM read only
- * from SVC mode and no access from userspace.
- */
- mem_types[MT_ROM].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_APX|PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE;
- mem_types[MT_MINICLEAN].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_APX|PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE;
- mem_types[MT_CACHECLEAN].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_APX|PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE;
- #endif
- if (is_smp()) {
- /*
- * Mark memory with the "shared" attribute
- * for SMP systems
- */
- user_pgprot |= L_PTE_SHARED;
- kern_pgprot |= L_PTE_SHARED;
- vecs_pgprot |= L_PTE_SHARED;
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_S;
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_WC].prot_pte |= L_PTE_SHARED;
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_CACHED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_S;
- mem_types[MT_DEVICE_CACHED].prot_pte |= L_PTE_SHARED;
- mem_types[MT_MEMORY].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_S;
- mem_types[MT_MEMORY].prot_pte |= L_PTE_SHARED;
- mem_types[MT_MEMORY_DMA_READY].prot_pte |= L_PTE_SHARED;
- mem_types[MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_S;
- mem_types[MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED].prot_pte |= L_PTE_SHARED;
- }
- }
- /*
- * Non-cacheable Normal - intended for memory areas that must
- * not cause dirty cache line writebacks when used
- */
- if (cpu_arch >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv6) {
- if (cpu_arch >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv7 && (cr & CR_TRE)) {
- /* Non-cacheable Normal is XCB = 001 */
- mem_types[MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED].prot_sect |=
- PMD_SECT_BUFFERED;
- } else {
- /* For both ARMv6 and non-TEX-remapping ARMv7 */
- mem_types[MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED].prot_sect |=
- PMD_SECT_TEX(1);
- }
- } else {
- mem_types[MT_MEMORY_NONCACHED].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_BUFFERABLE;
- }
- #ifdef CONFIG_ARM_LPAE
- /*
- * Do not generate access flag faults for the kernel mappings.
- */
- for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mem_types); i++) {
- mem_types[i].prot_pte |= PTE_EXT_AF;
- if (mem_types[i].prot_sect)
- mem_types[i].prot_sect |= PMD_SECT_AF;
- }
- kern_pgprot |= PTE_EXT_AF;
- vecs_pgprot |= PTE_EXT_AF;
- #endif
- for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
- pteval_t v = pgprot_val(protection_map[i]);
- protection_map[i] = __pgprot(v | user_pgprot);
- }
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